ANOVA tests whether any of the group means are different from the overall mean of the data by checking the variance of each individual group against the overall variance of the data. If one or more groups falls outside the range of variation predicted by the null hypothesis (all group means are equal), then the test is statistically significant.
Two Sample t-Test: Equal vs Unequal Variance Assumption: Learn about the assumption of equal variance (or standard deviation) vs non-equal variance (or stand
A paired t-test is designed to compare the means of the same group or item under two separate scenarios. An unpaired t-test compares the means of two independent or unrelated groups. In an unpaired t-test, the variance between groups is assumed to be equal. In a paired t-test, the variance is not assumed to be equal.
$\begingroup$ 'variances equal' simply means that the population variance for one thing is the same as the population variance for some other thing or things. The distribution of the variance is restricted to the non-negative half of the real line - so variances can't be normal, except in a limiting sense (a variance is a kind of average, and the CLT will apply to it if the usual CLT
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